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Two beach towels thrown onto one empty deckchair at once, a cream towel covering the seat and a red one sliding off.

Handling Duplicate Key Errors 2627 and 2601 in a CATCH Block

April 15, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Tips and Tricks
SQL Constraint and Keys, SQL Error Messages, SQL Server, SQL Transactions

Handle duplicate key errors 2627 and 2601 in TRY CATCH, preserve unexpected errors, and avoid racing existence checks during inserts.

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Gouache painting of four sailboats moored beside a calm dock with posts topped by small vermilion lights

OS Thread of a Session: Map Session ID to Windows Thread ID

April 14, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
SQL CPU, SQL DMV, SQL Scripts, SQL Server

To find the OS thread of a session, join sys.dm_os_tasks to sys.dm_os_threads on the worker address. This post reads the map for your own session and for every user session. It explains why idle sessions have no row, why parallel queries have several, and how to follow a thread in Performance Monitor.

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Gouache painting of a row of six clay cups on a windowsill in blue, pink, cream, sage and vermilion

sys.dm_exec_valid_use_hints: Every USE HINT Your Server Knows

April 13, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
Parameter Sniffing, Query Hint, SQL DMV, SQL Scripts

sys.dm_exec_valid_use_hints lists every USE HINT name that your SQL Server accepts. This post groups the 35 names on SQL Server 2025 and shows the compile error for a misspelled hint. It applies two hints and reads the plan to prove each one worked, then compares USE HINT with QUERYTRACEON.

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A wide tractor at a narrow field gateway, turning along the hedge to take the long way round the field.

JDBC and sendStringParametersAsUnicode: The Hidden Index Scan

April 12, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
Java, SQL Datatype, SQL Index, SQL Server, Unicode

Diagnose sendStringParametersAsUnicode conversions, align JDBC parameters with varchar indexes, and preserve required Unicode data.

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Gouache painting: a row of eight wooden window shutters, alternately open and closed, with a mirror row beneath it where every shutter is the opposite; one shutter is painted vermilion

SQL Puzzle – SELECT ~ 1 : Guess the Answer

April 9, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Puzzle
SQL Operator, SQL Scripts, SQL Server

SELECT ~ 1 returns -2 because the tilde is the bitwise NOT operator and flips all 32 bits of an int. This post keeps the puzzle, tests the answer on SQL Server 2025 with five data types and shows where the tilde is useful.

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Five wooden cups on a felt table, four turned up empty and one still covered.

NOT IN With a NULL in the List Returns No Rows

April 8, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Tips and Tricks
SQL NULL, SQL Operator, SQL Server, SQL Sub Query

See why NOT IN with a NULL returns no customers, then compare five sample rows, NOT EXISTS, an IS NOT NULL filter, and query plans.

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Gouache painting: a row of eight windmills along a ridge at dusk, most sails turning and three standing still, one windmill with a vermilion sail

Threads With Zero Rows in a Parallel Plan, Measured

April 7, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
Execution Plan, MAXDOP, Parallel, SQL DMV, SQL Scripts

A parallel plan can show threads with zero rows, and that is normal. This post reads the per-thread row counters of two real plans on SQL Server 2025 and shows where the empty threads come from. It also says when an empty thread points to a real problem.

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