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Internal Temporary Tables in MySQL: When a Query Spills to Disk

February 11, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
MariaDB, MySQL, SQL Performance, SQL Scripts

MySQL and MariaDB build internal temporary tables behind your back for GROUP BY, DISTINCT, UNION and derived tables. This post counts them with status counters, reads them in EXPLAIN, shows what pushes one to disk, and removes one with an index.

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SQL SERVER – Finding Fragmentation in Forwarded Records

February 9, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
SQL Data Storage, SQL Heap, SQL Scripts, SQL Server

Finding Fragmentation in a heap also requires a separate check for forwarded records. I measure their effect before choosing maintenance.

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Room for an Index Build: Free Space and TempDB Placement

January 19, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
SQL Index, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL TempDB

Room for an index build is the free space that your database and tempdb need before the build starts. This post estimates the index, checks both places, breaks a build on purpose, and shows what SORT_IN_TEMPDB moves and what it leaves in your database.

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Finding the Indexes Behind Lock Waits With Operational Stats

January 18, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
SQL DMV, SQL Index, SQL Lock, SQL Wait Stats

Rank indexes behind lock waits with operational stats, separate latches from locks, and test targeted access or row versioning fixes.

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COMPRESSION_DELAY Option for Columnstore Indexes: Test It

January 11, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
ColumnStore Index, SQL Index, SQL Scripts, SQL Server

The COMPRESSION_DELAY option keeps a closed delta rowgroup uncompressed for a number of minutes, so rows that change soon after they arrive are cheaper to modify. This post loads two demo tables, updates fresh rows in each, and shows the deleted rows that early compression leaves behind.

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Fragmentation in Columnstore Indexes: Find and Fix It

January 7, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
ColumnStore Index, SQL Index, SQL Scripts, SQL Server

Fragmentation in columnstore indexes means deleted rows that stay inside compressed row groups, and row groups that are too small. This post builds a demo table, measures the deleted rows with the row group view, and compares REORGANIZE with REBUILD.

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Table Usage in the Plan Cache: Count Queries That Touch a Table

January 4, 2021
Pinal Dave
SQL Performance
Execution Plan, SQL Cache, SQL Scripts, SQL Server

Table usage in the plan cache shows how many times the cached queries of a database touched each table. This post builds a demo database, shows why a text search of the cache misleads, reads the table names from the plan XML, and lists the queries behind one table.

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