SQL SERVER - What is - DML, DDL, DCL and TCL - Introduction and Examples

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SQL SERVER - What is - DML, DDL, DCL and TCL - Introduction and Examples

January 15, 2008 by pinaldave

DML

DML is abbreviation of Data Manipulation Language. It is used to retrieve, store, modify, delete, insert and update data in database.

Examples: SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT statements

DDL

DDL is abbreviation of Data Definition Language. It is used to create and modify the structure of database objects in database.

Examples: CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements

DCL

DCL is abbreviation of Data Control Language. It is used to create roles, permissions, and referential integrity as well it is used to control access to database by securing it.

Examples: GRANT, REVOKE statements

TCL

TCL is abbreviation of Transactional Control Language. It is used to manage different transactions occurring within a database.

Examples: COMMIT, ROLLBACK statements

Reference : Pinal Dave (http://www.SQLAuthority.com)

Posted in Database, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Documentation, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology | 16 Comments

16 Responses to “SQL SERVER - What is - DML, DDL, DCL and TCL - Introduction and Examples”

on January 16, 2008 at 8:14 pm m@te

Dave!

DDL: CREATE, ALTER, DROP
DML: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE

Sorry! :)
on January 16, 2008 at 8:17 pm pinaldave

Thanks Mate,

I have modified my post to reflect that. I think I typed too quickly.

Regards,
Pinal Dave ( http://www.SQLAuthority.com )
on January 22, 2008 at 11:20 pm shanmugam

ok
on February 24, 2008 at 12:01 pm Geetz

DDL : CREATE, ALTER, DROP
DML : INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
DCL : GRANT, REVOKE
TCL : COMMIT, SAVE POINT, ROLLBACK
DQL : SELECT
on April 20, 2008 at 1:04 am bms

thanks a lot for this blog
on April 23, 2008 at 12:37 am Adnan

Hi Mr.Dave,
I am so impressed with ur resume, and I wish u all success,
I am new to MS SQL server and I am looking for an example that can show me how to use DDL statements of MS SQL server for how to create a table (for example):
Table name= Sales
Sales ( CustomerNo, ItemNo, Price, quant, TotalAmount )
Primary key ( CustomerNo, ItemNo)
Foriegne Key (CustomerNo)
Constraint ( quant in sales table must be = < item balance in inventory table ).

I would highly appreciate ur kind info

Many thanks and regards

Adnan
on June 3, 2008 at 1:49 am Jon

What about DECLARE and SET? I read posts about not mixing DDL and DML due to stored procedure recompiles, but while these seem like structure and therefore DDL, variables are so temporary that I’m not sure.

Thanks!
on June 16, 2008 at 5:42 pm shiva

Hi Pinal
I would like to know about the commant invoke and how to use this command in sqlserver with one example.
Thanks&Regards,
Shiva
on July 30, 2008 at 4:54 pm Farid ud din masood

This artical is useful to know about the sql language types.

I know to use the DDL and DML but want to know TCL please do post some easy code.
on August 2, 2008 at 11:51 pm Bakht Riaz

Dear Sir

Hope, will be better and safe and sound, when i watched and read your website completely,it is too dramatic , mavel and i have no words in skull to praise you.

Please sir i have learnt the DML, and other but do post a simple code of TSQL or TCL

Respectfully yours
Bakht Riaz
on September 1, 2008 at 1:59 pm shuvo

Dear Dave,
what is the difference between SQL and DML??
on October 8, 2008 at 1:22 pm Jetty

Dear Dave,

Can you pls elucidate the difference between MS-SQL and ORACLE database?

I heard that Oracle has more features for “Customization” and “Security” from my fellow associates

Thanks

Jetty
on October 10, 2008 at 9:14 pm Will Marcouiller

To answer to post reply 11, the difference between SQL and DML.

First, I guess you got to know that SQL acronym stands for Structured Query Language.

Second, DML means Data Manipulating Language.

There is no difference between those two as DML is a statement category of SQL. In other words, DML is part of SQL.

This is only because SQL is somehow divided into categories, and those categories includes DDL (Data Definition Language), DML (Data Manipulating Language), DCL (Data Control Language) and TCL (Transaction Control Language). All these categories forms SQL (Structured Query Language).

I hope this helps.

Thanks!
on November 11, 2008 at 1:36 am Jonathan

I am trying to convert a SQL Server database to DB2 and was wondering if there is any way to easily get the DDL for the database or transfer data. I expect the data extract/transform/load process will require some manual intervention, but getting the DDL seems like it should be built in to SQL Server functionality.
on December 4, 2008 at 3:13 pm Gilbert

I got the following question in an assignment and was unable to get it all right. It reads “Explain six components of SQL”

I’ll highly appreciate ur response
on January 3, 2009 at 2:12 am Wagner Bianchi

You forget DELETE statement…

;-)