Find an object that uses a column with dependency metadata and module text search, then check dynamic SQL and application code.
SQL SERVER – Get the List of Object Dependencies – sp_depends and information_schema.routines
sp_depends can return wrong dependency results where information_schema.routines gets it right. See where it fails and the DMVs recommended in its place.
sp_refreshsqlmodule: Refreshing Views and Procedures After a Table Change
Use sp_refreshsqlmodule to refresh changed table dependencies, inspect stale view columns, and protect stable contracts with schema binding.