I wrote a script to create all foreign keys:

http://sqlblog.com/blogs/john_paul_cook/archive/2009/09/17/script-to-create-all-foreign-keys.aspx

I should go over it tomorrow and with due credit will publish your link in next week.

kind Regards,
Pinal

I updated my script and added code to handle ascending/descending sort order and to incorporate a suggestion from a reader.

http://sqlblog.com/blogs/john_paul_cook/archive/2009/09/16/script-to-create-all-primary-keys.aspx

Excellent script and your blog is one very good read always.

Kind Regards,
Pinal

I needed to script primary key creation today at work, so I wrote this script:

http://sqlblog.com/blogs/john_paul_cook/archive/2009/09/16/script-to-create-all-primary-keys.aspx

Comparing it to the submissions on your site, I see that I didn’t consider a descending primary key – we don’t have those in the applications I work on.

You have some good submissions, although most people overlooked using brackets in case the object name has embedded spaces. Also, nobody considered that a primary key could be nonclustered. That’s yet another reason to use the sys metadata views instead of INFORMATION_SCHEMA. It is an anachronistic myth that INFORMATION_SCHEMA views are better or more proper. All too often INFORMATION_SCHEMA views don’t provide enough detail to finish the job.

I hv a pleasure to mail to you.

Still I’m not satisfied.

Shekhar Sinha, Guwahati, Assam , India

DECLARE @PkTable SYSNAME
DECLARE @PkName SYSNAME

– Loop through all the primary keys
OPEN cPK
FETCH NEXT FROM cPK INTO @PkTable, @PkName
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
DECLARE @PKSQL NVARCHAR(4000) SET @PKSQL = ”
SET @PKSQL = ‘ALTER TABLE ‘ + @PkTable + ‘ ADD CONSTRAINT ‘ + @PkName + ‘ PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (‘

— Get all columns for the current primary key
DECLARE cPKColumn CURSOR FOR
SELECT COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_NAME = @PkTable AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = @PkName
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION
OPEN cPKColumn

DECLARE @PkColumn SYSNAME
DECLARE @Order SYSNAME
DECLARE @Index varchar(max)
DECLARE @PkFirstColumn BIT SET @PkFirstColumn = 1
— Loop through all columns and append the sql statement
FETCH NEXT FROM cPKColumn INTO @PkColumn
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
IF (@PkFirstColumn = 1)
SET @PkFirstColumn = 0
ELSE
SET @PKSQL = @PKSQL + ‘, ‘
Select @Order=Case is_descending_key when 0 then ‘ ASC’ ELSE ‘ DESC ‘ END
from sys.index_columns ic join sys.columns c
on ic.index_column_id=c.column_id
and c.name=@PkColumn
SET @PKSQL = @PKSQL + @PkColumn + @Order
– print charindex(‘ASC,’,@pksql)
FETCH NEXT FROM cPKColumn INTO @PkColumn
END
Select @Index=’) WITH ‘+’(PAD_INDEX =’+CASE is_padded when 0 then ‘OFF’ ELSE ‘ON’ END+
”+’, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE =’+CASE no_recompute when 0 then ‘OFF’ ELSE ‘ON’ END+
”+’, SORT_IN_TEMPDB =’+CASE is_padded when 0 then ‘OFF’ ELSE ‘ON’ END+
”+’, IGNORE_DUP_KEY =’+CASE is_padded when 0 then ‘OFF’ ELSE ‘ON’ END+
”+’, ONLINE =’+CASE is_padded when 0 then ‘OFF’ ELSE ‘ON’ END+
”+’, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS =’+CASE ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS when 0 then ‘OFF’ ELSE ‘ON’ END+
”+’, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS =’+CASE ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS when 0 then ‘OFF)’ ELSE ‘ON)’ END
+’ ON ‘ +’['+fg.name+']‘
from sys.indexes i join sys.stats s
on i.name=s.name
join sys.filegroups fg
on fg.data_space_id=i.data_space_id
and i.name=@PkName
SET @PKSQL = @PKSQL+@index

CLOSE cPKColumn
DEALLOCATE cPKColumn

— Print the primary key statement
PRINT @PKSQL

FETCH NEXT FROM cPK INTO @PkTable, @PkName
END
CLOSE cPK
DEALLOCATE cPK

Pinal, please try the above script for scripting out primary keys at database level and let me know where you think it needs amendment.

Manu

I was just going over scripts posted as answer to this question.

So far for Primary Key only one script is close which is of ‘aasim’.

And for foreign key the script which is close is ‘Aman’.

There are two things which are missing in aasim’s query
1) FileGrouop which actually the table belongs to as it is hardcoded at this moment.
2) The direction of PK column i.e. ASC or DESC

Let me know if any other expert have other idea.

Kind Regards,
Pinal

I am having a hard time understanding the TABLE structure. Please post the actual SQL for the TABLE definitions.

I have a pleasure to mail to you.

Please go through my concept to give you better ideas and I shall gain

knowledge from you kind people :-

Tablename : ————————-> T1

Rollno_Class-X ———>PK

Tablename : ————————-> T2

Rollno_Class-XII ———>PK

Tablename : ————————-> T3

Rollno_Class-Degree ———>PK

In table——> T1 , T2 and T3 I have only the rollno’s of the candidate. In these table PK’s has been

defined by not using the syntax of primary key.I have defined it in my way but it follows the rule of

unique and not null both.

Tablename : ————————-> Result_Details1

Rollno_Class-X ———>FK

Tablename : ————————-> Result_Details2

Rollno_Class-XII ———>FK

Tablename : ————————-> Result_Details3

Rollno_Class-Degree ———>FK

Now, my table—–> Result_Details1, Result_Details2, Result_Details3 which is the foreign key of

above respective PK cols fields have other details also.

Tablename : ————————-> Records

Rollno_Class-X ———>PK Rollno_Class-XII ———>PK Rollno_Class-Degree ———>PK

PK has been defined as in table—–> T1, T2 and T3.Now, my Table—> Records contains only

Rollno_Class-X ,Rollno_Class-XII and Rollno_Class-Degree. Which is my PK ? Pls

If creating the database in SQL2 (with the script generated by the wizard SQL1), including IDENTITY INCREMENT, when you move a database to another, if the fields are not in sequence (1,2,3,4 , 5 ,…) ie the ID’s are out of sequence (eg an ID that was deleted) … at the time of the copy, you have a logical sequence of numbers … not following the real ID which is the original base … I did understand?

When you genarate script through wizard. choose the options Script Indexes also to True. Then choose tables. It will genarate all constraints automatically including IDENTITY INCREMENT.

There is no need to take script especially for primary keys and foreign keys.

Thank you,
Ganga.

SELECT

TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT_NAME,
TC.TABLE_NAME AS FOREIGN_KEY_TABLE_NAME,
KCU.COLUMN_NAME,
ORDINAL_POSITION AS COLUMN_POSITION,
RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME AS PARENT_PRIMARY_KEY_NAME,
TC_PK.TABLE_NAME AS PARENT_TABLE_NAME

FROM

INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC,
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU,
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS RC,
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC_PK

WHERE TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = KCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND TC.TABLE_NAME = KCU.TABLE_NAME
AND TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = ‘FOREIGN KEY’
AND RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = TC_PK.CONSTRAINT_NAME

SELECT TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME,TC.TABLE_NAME ,
KCU.COLUMN_NAME,ORDINAL_POSITION AS COLUMN_POSITION

FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS TC, INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE KCU
WHERE 1=1
AND TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = KCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND TC.TABLE_NAME = KCU.TABLE_NAME
AND TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = ‘FOREIGN KEY’

dont know if its correct…

SELECT ‘ALTER TABLE dbo.’ + T.NAME + ‘ ADD CONSTRAINT ‘ + FK.NAME

+ ‘ FOREIGN KEY (‘ + C.NAME + ‘) ‘ + ‘ REFERENCES dbo.’

+ RT.NAME + ‘( ‘ + RTC.NAME + ‘)’

+ CASE(FK.delete_referential_action)
WHEN 0 THEN ‘ON DELETE NO ACTION’
WHEN 1 THEN ‘CASCADE’
END
+ CASE(FK. update_referential_action)
WHEN 0 THEN ‘ON UPDATE NO ACTION’
WHEN 1 THEN ‘CASCADE’
END
FROM SYS.FOREIGN_KEYS FK

INNER JOIN SYS.OBJECTS O ON O.OBJECT_ID = FK.OBJECT_ID

INNER JOIN SYS.FOREIGN_KEY_COLUMNS FKC ON FK.OBJECT_ID = FKC.CONSTRAINT_OBJECT_ID

INNER JOIN SYS.TABLES T ON FK.PARENT_OBJECT_ID = T.OBJECT_ID

INNER JOIN SYS.TABLES RT ON FK.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID = RT.OBJECT_ID

INNER JOIN SYS.COLUMNS C ON T.OBJECT_ID = C.OBJECT_ID AND C.COLUMN_ID = FKC.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_ID

INNER JOIN SYS.COLUMNS RTC ON RT.OBJECT_ID = RTC.OBJECT_ID AND RTC.COLUMN_ID = FKC.REFERENCED_COLUMN_ID

WHERE O.TYPE_DESC = ‘FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT’

create table #Dbs(name varchar(100),isscaned bit)
insert into #Dbs
select name, 0 from sys.databases where database_id > 4 and state = 0;
–select * from #DBS
DECLARE @dbname varchar(100)
DECLARE @SQLSTR varchar(8000)
WHILE (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM #Dbs WHERE isscaned = 0) > 0
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @dbname = name
FROM #Dbs
WHERE isscaned = 0;

set @SQLSTR = ‘USE ‘+ @dbname;
exec (@SQLSTR)
begin

select ‘ALTER TABLE ‘+OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id)+ ‘ ADD CONSTRAINT’ + f.name + ‘ FOREIGN KEY’+'(‘+COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id)+’)'+’REFRENCES ‘+OBJECT_NAME (f.referenced_object_id)+’(‘+COL_NAME(fc.referenced_object_id,fc.referenced_column_id)+’)’ as Scripts
FROM sys.foreign_keys AS f
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc
ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id

end

UPDATE #Dbs
SET isscaned = 1
WHERE name = @dbname;
END

SELECT DISTINCT C.TABLE_NAME, C.CONSTRAINT_NAME , F.NAME
FROM SYS.INDEXES I
INNER JOIN SYS.FILEGROUPS F
ON I.DATA_SPACE_ID = F.DATA_SPACE_ID
INNER JOIN SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O
ON I.[OBJECT_ID] = O.[OBJECT_ID]
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS C
ON O.NAME = C.TABLE_NAME
WHERE C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = ‘PRIMARY KEY’
ORDER BY C.TABLE_NAME

DECLARE @PkTable SYSNAME
DECLARE @PkName SYSNAME
DECLARE @FileName SYSNAME

– Loop through all the primary keys
OPEN cPK
FETCH NEXT FROM cPK INTO @PkTable, @PkName , @FileName
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
DECLARE @PKSQL NVARCHAR(4000) SET @PKSQL = ”
SET @PKSQL = ‘ALTER TABLE ‘ + @PkTable + ‘ ADD CONSTRAINT ‘ + @PkName + ‘ PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (‘

— Get all columns for the current primary key
DECLARE cPKColumn CURSOR FOR
SELECT COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_NAME = @PkTable AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = @PkName
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION
OPEN cPKColumn

DECLARE @PkColumn SYSNAME
DECLARE @PkFirstColumn BIT SET @PkFirstColumn = 1
— Loop through all columns and append the sql statement
FETCH NEXT FROM cPKColumn INTO @PkColumn
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
IF (@PkFirstColumn = 1)
SET @PkFirstColumn = 0
ELSE
SET @PKSQL = @PKSQL + ‘, ‘

SET @PKSQL = @PKSQL + @PkColumn

FETCH NEXT FROM cPKColumn INTO @PkColumn
END
CLOSE cPKColumn
DEALLOCATE cPKColumn

SET @PKSQL = @PKSQL + ‘)’ + ‘ ON ‘+@FileName
— Print the primary key statement
PRINT @PKSQL

FETCH NEXT FROM cPK INTO @PkTable, @PkName, @FileName
END
CLOSE cPK
DEALLOCATE cPK